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Davis–Moore hypothesis : ウィキペディア英語版
Davis–Moore hypothesis
The Davis–Moore hypothesis, sometimes referred to as the Davis–Moore theory, is a central claim within the structural functionalist paradigm of sociological theory, and was advanced by Kingsley Davis and Wilbert E. Moore in a paper published in 1945.〔Davis, Kingsley and Wilbert E. Moore. (1970 ()). "Some principles of stratification." ''American Sociological Review,'' 10 (2), 242-9.〕 The hypothesis is an attempt to explain social stratification. As a structural functionalist theory, it is also associated with Talcott Parsons and Robert K. Merton.
==Argument==
The hypothesis is an attempted explanation of social stratification, based on the idea of "functional necessity." Davis and Moore argue that the most difficult jobs in any society are the most necessary and require the highest rewards and compensation to sufficiently motivate individuals to fill them. Once the roles are filled, the division of labour functions properly, based on the notion of organic solidarity advanced by Emile Durkheim.〔

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